The Kuzari: In
Defense of the Despised Faith, 1st and 2nd editions
by Yehuda HaLevi
The Kuzari is one of the most revered Jewish philosophical works of all
time. Written by Rabbi Yehuda HaLevi over a period of 20 years and based
upon the theme of the Khazar king's conversion to Judaism, it has
enthralled generations of Jews and non-Jews alike with its clear-cut
presentation on Judaism and its polemics against Greek philosophy,
Christianity, Islam and Karaism. The Korobkin edition is the first
translation into English since 1905. Some of the topics discussed include
the fundamentals of Judaism, tradition versus logic, prophetic messages,
the afterlife, the Hebrew language, the benefits of communal prayer, the
Sabbath and God's various names. This edition also features a brief
history of the Khazar empire; a biographical sketch of HaLevi; and
appendices explaining HaLevi's approach to Greek philosophy,
living in Israel, and Hebrew grammar. You will also find the
historical letters exchanged between Khazar King Joseph and Hasdai ibn Shaprut.
The Khazars: A Judeo-Turkish Empire on the Steppes, 7th-11th Centuries AD, by Mikhail Zhirohov and David Nicolle
An illustrated guide to Khazar history, focusing on military affairs including Khazaria's wars with Arabs and the Rus', their weapons such as spears, battleaxes, and swords, their helmets and armor, and their fortifications made from stone and timber. Some of the illustrations were produced by Christa Hook and A. Karbivnychyi. Maps by David Nicolle. Also includes photographs of artifacts.
The
World of the Khazars: New Perspectives - Selected Papers from the
Jerusalem 1999 International Khazar Colloquium, edited by Peter B.
Golden, Haggai Ben-Shammai, and András Roná-Tas
18 papers from the 1999 international colloquium on the Khazars. Topics
include Khazars' economy, language, international relations, and more.
Khazaria in the 9th and 10th Centuries, by Boris Zhivkov
Examines documentary sources, archaeological discoveries, religious history,
art history, folklore studies, and more.
Agriculture in the Forest-Steppe Region of Khazaria, by Volodymyr Koloda and Serhiy Gorbanenko
On the Saltovian culture's agriculture in 8th-10th century Khazaria's forest-steppe zone and their influence on neighboring East Slavic tribes.
The Monotheisation of Pontic-Caspian Eurasia: From the Eighth to the Thirteenth Century
by Alex M. Feldman
Pages 18-82 contain the chapter "The Monotheisation of Khazaria" with extensive discussion of the Khazars and their conversion to Judaism based on documentary and archaeological evidence.
The Origins of the
Old Rus' Weights and Monetary Systems: Two Studies in Western Eurasian
Metrology and Numismatics in the Seventh to Eleventh Centuries
by Omeljan Pritsak
A great resource for learning about Khazarian coinage.
Turks
and Khazars: Origins, Institutions, and Interactions in Pre-Mongol
Eurasia, by Peter B. Golden
A collection of Golden's articles about the Turk Empire (mid-6th to
mid-8th centuries), the stateless polities that appeared after its
collapse, and the Khazar Kaganate (mid-7th to late-9th centuries), its
imperial successor state in the western Eurasian steppes. The following
articles focus on Khazar studies: "Some Notes on the Comitatus in
Medieval Eurasia with Special Reference to the Khazars", "Khazar Turkic
Ghulams in Caliphal Service", "Khazar Turkic Ghulams in Caliphal Service:
Onomastic Notes", "The Khazar Sacral Kingship - Revisited", and "The
Conversion of the Khazars to Judaism".
The
Emergence of Rus 750-1200, by Jonathan Shepard and Simon
Franklin
This book contains basic information about Khazarian history and
archaeology in the midst of a text concerning the development of Kievan
Rus. The bibliography is excellent.
"...the authors choose to examine the settlements of the Rus (also known as
Varangians) in their new homeland and their seemingly insatiable quest for
silver down the Volga trade route...." - Speculum (January 1998)
The
Islamic World, Russia and the Vikings, 750-900: The Numismatic
Evidence, by Thomas S. Noonan
Particularly important is the article "Why Dirhams First Reached Russia:
The Role of Arab-Khazar Relations in the Development of the Earliest
Islamic Trade with Eastern Europe".
"Six articles originally published 1981-86 explore the origin and
development of commerce by Viking and Rus merchants through European
Russia to the markets of Khazaria and the `Abbasid caliphate by analyzing
the silver coins known as dirhams that the northerners received in
exchange for fur and slaves. The evidence of coins is important to augment
the single contemporary Islamic account of the trade, and suggests that
the dirhams were treasured more as silver than as coinage. Two essays
discuss why Vikings first came to Russia and why they had dirhams, three
focus on particular hoards of coins, and one looks at the output of the
early `Abbasid mint." - Book News, Inc.
"...of the greatest importance for those interested in coin circulation in
the Middle East as well as in Russia and the Viking world.... our
knowledge of the extensive trade between the Abbasid caliphate, the
Vikings, and the Khazars in medieval Rus in the eighth and ninth centuries
is derived almost exclusively from the numismatic evidence." -
Religious Studies Review
The
New Cambridge Medieval History - Volume 3: c.900-c.1024, edited by
Timothy Reuter
The period of the 10th and early 11th centuries was crucial in the
formation of Europe, much of whose political geography and larger-scale
divisions began to take shape at this time. It was also an era of great
fragmentation, and hence of differences which have been magnified by
modern national historiographical traditions. This volume reflects these
varying traditions, and provides an authoritative survey in its own terms.
The volume is divided into three sections. The first covers general themes
such as the economy, government, and religious, cultural, and intellectual
life. The second is devoted to the kingdoms and principalities which had
emerged within the area of the former Carolingian empire as well as the
'honorary Carolingian' region of England. The final section deals with the
emergent principalities of eastern Europe and the new and established
empires, states and statelets of the Mediterranean world.
"The contributor with one of the more obvious axes to grind is Thomas
Noonan, whose chapter on 'European Russia, c.500-c.1050' (pp. 487-513) is
a must-read. His enormously learned contribution, which draws on numerous
written sources and scholarly language traditions in addition to
archeological and numismatic evidence, should go a long way towards
stimulating interest in a part of Europe which is very little known in the
Anglophone world. He begins with the premise that most treatments of his
region and time period are far too geographically limited (focusing only
on the Kievan Rus to the exclusion of other important states such as the
Khazar Khaganate and the Volga Bulgar Amirate) as well as ethnically and
socially elitist, ignoring many of the peoples governed by and outside of
those states. Noonan is the sole contributor to the regional survey Parts
II and III who fully integrates social and economic concerns, as well as
the areas Jewish inhabitants, into his chapter. Noonan's contribution can
be easily adapted by those Western and Central European specialists who
might be giving short shrift to the East in their undergraduate lectures.
In that Kiev was, in the eleventh century, one of the largest cities in
medieval Europe (p. 512), the Rus state certainly deserves attention, but
Noonan's great achievement lies in demonstrating that a brief survey
chapter can provide a complex, holistic view of an area (one far larger
than England, for instance, or Southern France) without sacrificing
clarity and solid organization." - Felice Lifshitz, Florida International
University, Miami, in The American Academy of Research Historians of
Medieval Spain (AARHMS) Reviews
Nomads
and Their Neighbours in the Russian Steppe: Turks, Khazars and
Qipchaqs, by Peter B. Golden
Includes Golden's 1983 article "Khazaria and Judaism".
Hazarlar, by Osman Karatay
A 336-page general-interest book about the Khazars. In Turkish.
Jazaria: el imperio olvidado por la historia, by Félix Kitroser
Spanish-language book about Khazars featuring 12 chapters and 4 appendices,
including color maps, illustrations, and translations of the Schechter
Letter and Hasdai-Joseph correspondence.