Bibliography of Khazar Studies, 1901-Present
Compiled by Kevin Alan Brook

Section 11: Productive Daily Activities in Khazaria

See also Chapters 4, 5, and 9 of The Jews of Khazaria

In English:
        Brook, Kevin Alan. "Khazar Empire." In Encyclopedia of World Trade: From Ancient Times to the Present, ed. Cynthia Clark Northrup, vol. 2, p. 559. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2005.
        Gil, Moshe. "The Radhanite Merchants and the Land of Radhan." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 17:3 (1974): 299-328. About Jewish traders who traversed Khazaria.
        Gottesman, Brian Michael. "Radanites." In Encyclopedia of World Trade: From Ancient Times to the Present, ed. Cynthia Clark Northrup, vol. 3, p. 763. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2005.
        Gottesman, Brian Michael. "The Radhanite Merchants." In World History Encyclopedia, ed. Alfred J. Andrea, Era 4: Expanding Regional Civilizations, 300-1000. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011.
        Noonan, Thomas Schaub. "Russia's Eastern Trade, 1150-1350: The Archaeological Evidence." Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 3 (1983): 201-264.
        Noonan, Thomas Schaub. "When Did Rus/Rus' Merchants First Visit Khazaria and Baghdad?" Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 7 (1987-1991): 213-219.
        Noonan, Thomas Schaub. "What Can Archaeology Tell Us About the Economy of Khazaria." In The Archaeology of the Steppes: Methods and Strategies - Papers from the International Symposium held in Naples 9-12 November 1992, ed. Bruno Genito, pp. 331-345. Napoli, Italy: Istituto Universitario Orientale, 1994.
        Noonan, Thomas Schaub. "The Khazar Economy." Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 9 (1995-1997): 253-318.
        Noonan, Thomas Schaub. "Some Observations on the Economy of the Khazar Khaganate." In The World of the Khazars: New Perspectives - Selected Papers from the Jerusalem 1999 International Khazar Colloquium, eds. Peter Benjamin Golden, Haggai Ben-Shammai, and András Róna-Tas, pp. 207-244. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, 2007.
        Polek, Krzysztof. "The Role of Khazar Khaganate in the Economic System of the Early Middle Ages." Quaestiones Medii Aevi Novae 18 (2013): 335-363.
        Pritsak, Omeljan Yósypovych. "An Arabic Text on the Trade Route of the Corporation of Ar-Rus in the Second Half of the Ninth Century." Folia Orientalia 12 (1970): 241-259.
        Rabinowitz, Louis Isaac. Jewish Merchant Adventurers: A Study of the Radanites. London: St. Ann's Press, 1948. About Jewish traders who traversed Khazaria.

In French:
        de la Vaissière, Étienne. "Les marchands d'Asie centrale dans l'empire khazar." In Les centres proto-urbains russes entre Scandinavie, Byzance et Orient, Actes du Colloque International tenu au Collége de France en octobre 1997, ed. Michel Kazanski, Anne Nercessian, and Constantine Zuckerman, pp. 367-378. Paris: P. Lethielleux, 2000. Réalités byzantines, 7. About 8th century traders in Sogdiana and Khazaria.
        de la Vaissière, Étienne. Histoire des Marchands Sogdiens. Paris: Institut des Hautes Études Chinoises, Collège de France, 2002 (1st edition), 2004 (2nd edition). About 8th century Sogdian traders of silverware to Khazaria and the Upper Volga. Translated into English under the title "Sogdian Traders: A History" and published in Leiden in 2005 by Brill.
        Noonan, Thomas Schaub. "Les Khazars et le commerce oriental." In Les Échanges au Moyen Age: Justinien, Mahomet, Charlemagne: trois empires dans l'économie médiévale, pp. 82-85. Dijon: Editions Faton S.A., 2000.

In German:
        Haussig, Hans Wilhelm. "Die Praxis des Warenaustausches im Warägerhandel mit den chasarischen Märkten Sarkel und Itil". In Untersuchungen zu Handel und Verkehr der vor- und frühgeschichtlichen Zeit in Mittel- und Nordeuropa, Vol. 4: Der Handel der Karolinger- und Wikingerzeit, eds. Hans Düwel and Herbert Jankuhn, pp. 528-544. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1987.

In Hungarian:
        Bartha, Antal. "A kelet-európai és belsõ-ázsiai feudalizmus történeti kapcsolatai." Századok 97:2 (1963): 261-292 and 97:3 (1963): 503-527. Discusses the economy of the medieval Khazars and Mongols.
        Bartha, Antal. A magyar nép õstörténete. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1988. Chapter 3 is "A Kazár Kaganatus és a kazár kori kereskedelmi utvonalak."

In Russian:
        Naumenko, S. A. and Bezuglov, S. I. "Novie naxodki vizantiyskix i iranskix importov v stepyax Podon'ya." Donskaya Arkheologiya No. 1 (1999): 35-42. New finds of Byzantine and Iranian imports in the steppes along the Don.
        Nazarenko, Aleksandr Vasil'evich. "'Put' iz nemets v Xazary' i pervye veka drevnerusskoy istorii (IX-X vv.)." In Vneshnyaya politika Drevney Rusi: Jubileinye chteniya posvyashchennye 70-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya V. T. Pashuto. Moscow: Akademiya Nauk SSSR, 1988. About trade routes linking Bavaria and Khazaria in the 10th century.
        Cross-referenced: Pletnyova, Svetlana Aleksandrovna. Sarkel i "Shiolkovyi" Put'. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 1996.

In English:
        Croitor, Roman. "Middle age horses from the western borders of Khazar Khaganate (Saltovo-Mayaki culture of eastern Ukraine)." Journal of Historical Archaeology and Anthropological Sciences 3:5 (2018): 706-713. On horses being used for riding and meat among the Saltovians.

In Hungarian:
        Matolcsy, J. "A kazár állattartás és a magyar honfoglalók háziállatai." Élet és Tudomány 30:34 (1975): 1589-1592.

In Russian:
        Gadlo, Aleksandr Vil'iamovich. "Kochev'e khazarskogo vremeni u stanitsy Zaplavskoy na Nizhnem Donu." Problemy arkheologii 2 (1978): around p. 124.
        Koloda, Vladimir Vasil'ovich and Kroitor, Roman V. "Zhivotnovodstvo naseleniya saltovskoi kul'tury v lesostepnoi chasti Severskogo Dontsa (Ukraina). Chast' I." Revista Arheologică (Chisinau, Moldova) 11:1-2 (2015): 273-293. On animal breeding, including of cattle, horses, and pigs, among Saltovians in the forest-steppe zone of the northern Donets region.

In English:
        Kordosis, Stefanos and Shapira, Dan D. Y. "Fish'N'Khazars." Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 25 (2019-2020): 139-156.

In Russian:
        Aksyonov, Viktor Stepanovich. "O remeshkakh obuvi Alanskogo naseleniya Saltovo-Mayatskoy kul'tury (po materialam chetvertogo uchastka katakombnogo mogil'nika u s. Verkhniy Saltov)." Khazarskiy al'manakh 18 (2021-2022): 12-38. Alan shoe straps of the Saltov-Mayatsk culture found at a catacomb burial ground near Upper Saltov.
        Koloda, Vladimir Vasil'ovich. "Issledovaniya v Verkhnem Saltove v 1996 godu." Vostochnoyevropeskiy arkheologicheskiy zhurnal (Kiev) 5(12) (September-October 2001). About a felt and leather Khazarian boot found in Upper Saltov.
        Zhilina, Natalia V. "Sravnitel'niy analiz khazarskogo i slavyano-russkogo ubora iz ukrasheniy k kostyumy." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya / The Volga River Region Archaeology 2:20 (2017): 127-156. Compares Khazar Turkic clothing and adornments with those of the Alans and Slavs. Includes discussion and illustrations of Khazarian clothes, headdresses, earrings, rings, and shamanistic amulets and the materials from which they were made.

In English:
        Bezborodko, David. An Insider's View of Jewish Pioneering in the Glass Industry. Jerusalem: Gefen, 1987 and New York: Shengold, 1988. Mentions an alleged Khazar glass factory in Hrodna (Belarus).
        Kurinsky, Samuel V. The Glassmakers: An Odyssey of the Jews - the first three thousand years. New York: Hippocrene, 1991. See chapter 10: "The Jewish Khazars: The Russian Connection."